retinal scanning advantages and disadvantages

There is no scientific evidence to suggest that retinal scanning is harmful. A lot of people assume that a retinal scan can pose a serious health risk to the eye (although unsubstantiated by scientific studies, it still persists). Although an infrared light is beamed directly into the eye, there is no scientific study that supports the assumption that the retinal scan damages the vision of the user. Except for the DNA Strand, it is the Retina which possesses the most number of differing data points in the entire human anatomy. Iris recognition: What is the difference between retinal scanning and iris recognition? Thus, it is considered to be a very stable Biometric modality, when compared to some of the others (such as Facial Recognition or even Fingerprint Recognition). If you have a potential risk of developing a retina condition, a retina scan can help your eye doctor determine your risk. Because of its stability and richness, it is almost impossible to spoof a Retinal Recognition system. a. Unlike the other Biometric modalities, Retinal Recognition requires a great amount of cooperation from the end user to collect high quality, raw images. After this has been done, the Enrollment Template is then created. Retinal scanning: As mentioned earlier, the acceptance of Retinal Recognition by the general public is extremely low. Resolution: 8 bits per pixel. It can make mistakes with the dryness or dirty of the fingers skin, as well as with the age (is not appropriate with children, because the size of their fingerprint changes quickly). a. Keesing Platform forms part of Keesing Technologies The global market leader in banknote and ID document verification. The best OCT machines on the market are provided by the brand Zeiss, which specializes in ophthalmologic devices. Advantages and Disadvantages of Biometric Security Systems. b. They can range from very simple applications, such as Single Sign-On Solutions, all the way to the most complex, such as that of the e-Passport infrastructure. As a matter of fact, the false rejection and false acceptance rate of iris recognition is significantly lower than that of fingerprints. For example, it can be easily installed in the computer, a program that simulates the user name and password window, so that when the user introduces his data in that window, that will be collected by the Spy program. a. It can make mistakes with the dryness or dirty of the fingers skin, as well as with the age (is not appropriate with children, because the size of their fingerprint changes quickly). Top 8 Advantages of Biometric. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Digging the government database or awaiting response of a government agency for identity verification can be painfully slow process. Light passes through the optic nerve and sends electrical impulses to the brain via this layer. What are the goodness and weakness about the current technology?Facial recognition:Voice recognition:Signature recognition:DNA:Retinal scanning:Iris recognition:Fingerprint:Hand Geometry: In other words, this is not written into the DNA structure of the individual and is not handed down to the offspring. The biometric system allows them to limit access to unauthorized personnel. During a retinal scan, the user must remove glasses, stare at a specific point, and hold their head still for the 10-15 seconds it takes to complete the scan. While the accuracy of retina scan can be affected by diseases; the iris texture remains extremely stable because it is internal and protected, yet externally visible part of the eye. Insert links to other pages or uploaded files. As a result, individuals who do not sign their names in a consistent manner may have difficulty enrolling and verifying in signature verification. On the other hand, this system is easily attackable, since he is quite simple to obtain the data from a person, either extracting the information to the person itself using deceits, or attacking the software of the system. This stable uniqueness of iris texture becomes the basis of iris-based biometric recognition. Because of this, a travelers identity can be instantaneously confirmed in just a matter of seconds, by merely flashing the e-Passport in front of the e-Passport reader. It might take more than a few attempts to get the capture process right as eye scanners can be sensitive to reflection. Recent technological advancements have made the process much more pleasant. Require specialized devices so that it can be expensive. A retinal scan is a biometric technique that maps the unique patterns of a persons retina using a low-intensity light source. The process of enrollment and verification/identification in a retinal scanning system is the same as the process for other biometric technologies. Except for the DNA strand, it is the retina which possesses the greatest number of differing data points in the entire human anatomy. Whenever you search in PBworks or on the Web, Dokkio Sidebar (from the makers of PBworks) will run the same search in your Drive, Dropbox, OneDrive, Gmail, Slack, and browsed web pages. Even if a retinal scan itself poses no danger to the eye, users sometimes complain of discomfort from the technology during the enrollment process. c. Image captured at 500 dots per inch (dpi). The iris is the pigmented, annular muscular curtain near the front of the eye, which controls the size and diameter of the pupil. You have entered an incorrect email address! A retinal scan is a biometric technique that maps the unique patterns of a person's retina using a low-intensity light source. One of the best examples of this is the State of Illinois, where this modality was used in identifying welfare recipients to reduce fraud (this would occur when an individual would use several aliases to receive multiple payments). High social acceptability. Retinal Scanning definition. He discovered that even among identical twins, the blood vessel patterns of the retina are unique. In fact, under optimal conditions, the error rate can be as low as 1 in 1 million. Fundus photography - Wikipedia Biometrics - Retina and Iris Identification - GlobalSecurity.org Retina scanners are devices that capture images of the unique patterns on a persons retina, which is the innermost layer of the eye. Click on 'Write for us' to contact us. The retina, unlike the iris, can experience changes in the same way that the eye can if it is affected by disease or blindness. Since then, the system has only seen immense improvements and aided business owners. It weighs more than 60 pounds, takes up an entire desk, and costs between $50,000 and $120,000 to build. When it comes to security and other related functions, there are clear advantages and disadvantages that biometrics brings to the table. Externally visible; patterns imaged from a distance. The main light-sensing cells in the retina are comprised of two specific types of photoreceptor cells: rods and cones. a. Common biometric security implementations include fingerprinting, hand scanning, iris scanning, retina scanning, facial recognition, or voice recognition hardware and software. He is also a regular columnist for the Journal of Documents and Identity, a leading security publication based out of Amsterdam. The new OCT weighs four pounds, is roughly the size of a lunch box, and Wax predicts that it will sell for less than $15,000. Requires camera equipment for user identification; thus, it is not likely to become popular until most PCs include cameras as standard equipment. Because injuries are not always obvious in imaging or in retina examination, there is the possibility that injuries can be avoided or that injuries are more likely to have a significant visual impact than other types of injuries. Captcha validation failed. The technology can be painful to use because users must lean in and keep their eye close to the screen for 30 seconds during a retina scan. Also like the Iris, the Retina hardly every changes over the lifetime of an individual unless they are afflicted with a disease or blindness. No votes so far! Fortunately, advanced technology now offers a way to perform the retinal exam without the drop and dilation all through something called an optomap retinal exam. This uniqueness holds in family siblings, and even identical twins, where other genetic details such as facial appearance are so similar. c. An illness such as a cold can change a persons voice, making absolute identification difficult or impossible. Because Retinal Recognition requires such a close proximity to the end user, there are a number of variables or factors which can greatly influence the quality of the raw images which are collected. You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website. The primary reasons for this are for both security and convenience. Additionally, if the software has a bug or fails due to any reason, it will restrict access to users until the software is restored. Although concerns exist that infrared rays could have a negative impact on vision, most experts believe that retinal and iris scanners pose no health riskto users. Is the most economical biometric PC user authentication technique. The following table compares some of the biometric systems used lately, from the point of view of accuracy, cost, devices required and social acceptability. This requires that the end user must be in very close proximity to the Retinal scanning device. Fake positives are finger impressions made out of silicone to access sensitive data of organizations, making biometric security vulnerable. Please leave this field empty. Ravi Das is a Cybersecurity Consultant and Business Development Specialist. Should they be? Given the small file size of the Retinal Recognition Templates, the time it takes for the system to confirm the identity of an individual is very quick; it can take place in just less than two seconds. He also does Cybersecurity Consulting through his private practice, RaviDas Tech, Inc. c. The amount of data required to uniquely identify a user in a system is the smallest by far, allowing it to be used with SmartCards easily. Scanning procedure is perceived by some as invasive. . We also have to consider the advantages and disadvantages of each individual system. The iris regulates the amount of light that enters the eye by opening and closing the pupil, which is crucial in maintaining a proper line of vision. They laid out their discovery that every retina possesses a unique blood vessel pattern. Iris recognition is used to secure airports, perform sensitive construction tasks, and operate in military operations. Besides, sometimes they are combined with cryptography methods, which makes them more difficult (more expensive) to implement. What is the true cost and scale of cyber warfare? The biometric system can lead to the security of enterprises because it is a breakthrough that is improving with the latest technology to become perfect. A retinal scan is performed by casting . Because of this, up to 400 unique data points can be captured from the Retina, unlike the fingerprint, where only 30-40 unique data points can be captured. b. Light from a small fiber-optic device, such as a fiber-OCT, is used to illuminate the retina. Digital Retinal Imaging Eye Test - Verywell Health Each one has advantages and disadvantages, including range, accuracy, costs . Permanence. The Retina is the grouping of the blood vessels in the back of the eye, which connects to the front of the optic nerve which then goes into the brain. If the retina scanner is commercial, then it will be more expensive and only available to those who can afford it. The retina is the innermost layer of a human eye. When a new authentication system is implanted, it is essential a judgement between simplicity, price and efficiency, as well as social acceptability. The blood vessels within the retina absorb light more readily than the surrounding tissue and are easily identified with appropriate lighting. Eye scanners use the unique patterns of the retina and/or the iris of individuals to determine their identity in a variety of ways. Even blind people can enroll successfully. The Retina CS software allows organizations to perform context-aware vulnerability assessments. a. Intrusive. From this comparative table we can deduce that the most adequate methodology is the fingerprint authentication. Even if the individual is fully cooperative, it can still be difficult to a collect a high quality, raw image of the Retina. As a result, the ability to verify metric can be as low as 85% (other modalities are as high as 99% or even 100%). Biometric is a technique that can provide all this requirements with quite lot reliability. Signature recognition: c. Comparisons of template records can take upwards of 10 seconds, depending on the size of the database. The retina scanner is a type of biometric scanner that uses the unique patterns in a persons retina to identify them. Because their accuracy level of 0.0001% FAR makes them a powerful fraud prevention tool, security teams can rely on them to detect fraud. If you are citizen of an European Union member nation, you may not use this service unless you are at least 16 years old. Some biometric systems can face scanning issues if there is even a slight change, especially if the company is using retina scanning. b. One of the major drawbacks of OCT was its limited resolution. Physical access and access control devices are the most commonly used types of retina scan devices, and they are typically used in environments requiring exceptional levels of security and accountability, such as high-level government, military, and corrections settings. Considerable size. By scanning the retina, it is expected that high-tech equipment found in health care centers will be incorporated. It seems that retinal recognition will only occupy a very limited pool of applications. The Iris is located in the front of the eye, and its primary function is to allow the requisite amount of light into the eye which is necessary to maintain a proper line of vision. Disadvantages: Since they are non-contact biometrics, both techniques are less vulnerable to identity theft than fingerprint, voice, etc. Disadvantages: Try Dokkio Sidebar for free. Advantages: For reliable identity verification, digital templates based on the patterns of the irises of a persons eyes can be used for comparison and matching. The more complex is the system, the most difficult is to be attacked, although it will be more expensive and will require more software and hardware resources. Ruud Bolle, and Sharath Pankati. Retinal recognition: pros and cons - Keesing Platform So, this method, in spite of being usually used, for example, to access banking accounts, is not at all the most indicated if we want a safe system, and in a short-time future is tried to be changed by most immune methods. Measurement accuracy can be affected by a disease such as cataracts. Digital retinal imaging is the act of taking a digital photograph of the inside of the eye including the retina, optic nerve, macula, and blood vessels. These devices, which are used by high-end banks and corporations to improve safety, will be useful for this purpose. Self-containment of smart card makes it resistant to attack as it does not need to depend upon potentially vulnerable external resources. Since retinal recognition templates are incredibly small, it is quite fast to confirm the identity of a person. Facial recognition: A visual inspection of the retina is frequently used to diagnose communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS and chicken pox. You have successfully joined our subscriber list. Retinography: What is it? How does it work? Applications, Advantages In general, retinal scanning is considered to be a very accurate method of identification. With the advancement of CT technology, patients can now receive the exact information and treatment they require to live and be healthy. b. Tip: To turn text into a link, highlight the text, then click on a page or file from the list above. Disadvantages: Though it requires special hardware to use, it can be easily integrated into other devices or systems. Because of the high number of unique data points the Retina possesses, there is almost no error that when an identity of an individual is confirmed, it is truly that person. Iris patterns possess a high degree of randomness . They can be described as follows: The advantages. However, it may not be as accurate or secure. c. It is standardized. This layer of tissue detects light and creates electrical impulses that are sent through the optic nerve to the brain which enables a person to see. One of the best examples of this is the State of Illinois, where this modality was used in identifying welfare recipients to reduce fraud (this would occur when an individual would use several aliases to receive multiple payments). c. Image captured at 500 dots per inch (dpi). Our passion for technology brings biometric benefits to millions of people. Most smartphones, in the present day, have fingerprint scanners that allow the user quick access to the files on their phones. Once identity is verified through a retinal scan, there is almost no error given the high number of unique data points of the retina. Since the retina is an internal protected organ, it requires specialized ophthalmologic cameras for retinal image acquisition, making it impossible to spoof the retina to date. Iris image capturing uses a video camera, while retinal scanning devices require specialized cameras used in ophthalmology. Unless an individual has diabetes, glaucoma, high blood pressure, or cardiac disease, the retina will hardly every change regarding structure or physiological makeup during the lifetime of the person. This process can take as long as a few minutes. Your eyes are not at risk as a result of the scan, and your overall health is not threatened. Retinal scan - Wikipedia This technology is distinguished by its ability to match a user database with a series of scans, which is usually configured to identify a user by number of scans. This type of scan is very difficult to fake because no technology exists that . The business was started in 2009, and has clients all over the world. Authentication techniques used by elearning vendors, Advantages and disadvantages of technologies. Retinal Scan vs Iris Recognition: Which is better? A single OCT machine can cost anywhere from $35,000 to more than $100,000, but used or refurbished units are significantly less expensive. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Biometrics Personal Identification in Networked Society: Anil Jain. The Digital Signature is very difficult to falsify, since is encrypted by complicated mathematic operations. (SOURCE: 1). Specialized fundus cameras consisting of an intricate microscope attached to a flash enabled camera are used in fundus photography. He now digs deeper into the advantages and disadvantages of retinal recognition. a. This site uses cookies to provide services, personalise ads and to analyse traffic. Non intrusive. Although biometrics is considered the most effective and safe method (is very difficult to falsify), we have to bear in mind its disadvantages, for example, that since it is a relative new technology, it is not still integrated in PC, so IT departments need to make a conscious decision before making the purchase and change its structure. enrolling in a retina scan biometric system can be tedious due to the requirement of multiple image capture, making the process feel uncomfortable for the user. This problem can become further exacerbated if the pupil constricts even further because of inconsistent lighting conditions. b. The password method is the cheapest and simplest technology, because it only requires elementary software resources. To get the best quality, raw images of the Retina, this light is shone into the eye in a 360-degree manner. Two distinct layers make up the iris: the stroma, which is the pigmented fibrovascular layer in the front, and pigmented epithelial cells which are below the stroma. The device is much better than a resource who would do the same job for a hefty salary. The biometric authentication system has an unmatched ROI as compared to other security solutions. This technique is currently used in two distinct forms: imaging of the retina and imaging of the blood vessels. From this comparative table we can deduce that the most adequate methodology is the fingerprint authentication. The retina is the innermost layer of cells lining the back wall inside the eye. The next scientific study which confirmed the uniqueness of the Retina was conducted in the 1950s by a scientist known as Dr. Paul Tower. Optimal Uses: Macular pathologies. This beam of light traces a standardized path on the retina. c. it is one of the most developed biometrics Although there are some concerns, there are no long-term issues with the technology. In high-security offices, a retina scanner is the most common method of scanning. a. Because retinal blood vessels absorb light more readily than the surrounding tissue, the amount of reflection varies during the scan. Because of this improvement in resolution, it is now more feasible to image the back of the eye using an OCT. retina scans are becoming more popular in terms of their ability to access restricted areas and information, with many experts concuring that they pose no health risks or other drawbacks to users. This is in sharp contrast to Iris Recognition, where images can be collected from a very far distance. A Retina Scanner, also known as an Iris scanner, is a device used for biometric identification. Dr. John Daugman of Cambridge University later developed the algorithms, mathematical methods, and techniques to encode iris patterns and efficiently compare them. Retinal scanning and iris recognition are two of the most accurate and reliable biometric modalities used for identity verification and authentication. Fundus Autofluorescence - EyeWiki The interest of using the Retina as means for verification and/or identification goes back all the way to the 1930s. The Digital Signature is very difficult to falsify, since is encrypted by complicated mathematic operations. a. Being one of the emerging biometric technologies, iris recognition comes at a relatively high cost. In Part 1 of this series, Ravi Das looked at an overview into and the process of retinal recognition, which he describes as the "mother" of biometrics.He now digs deeper into the advantages and disadvantages of retinal recognition. Advantages: Little time of verification (about five seconds). A 500 dpi fingerprint image at 8 bits per pixel demands a large memory space, 240 Kbytes approximately Compression required (a factor of 10 approximately). . The term is used in conjunction with security systems that identify people based on a previous recording of one or more of their body characteristics. If the distance is greater than this, then the scanning process must be repeated over again until it is correct. Terms of use / Privacy policy / GDPR, About this workspace Extremely intrusive. c. Comparisons of template records can take upwards of 10 seconds, depending on the size of the database. Like retinal scanning, iris recognition also boasts one of the lowest rates of false acceptance and false rejection. The system may offer various advantages to enterprises; however, if youre opting for it have a look at the disadvantages below: The authentication system only recognizes traits that were entered and fail to recognize the user if their physical traits change even the slightest. b. Verification time is generally less than 5 seconds. Most experts believe that infrared rays, both infrared and non-radial, pose no health risks to users of retinovia and intraocular lenses. c. it is one of the most developed biometrics, e. Small storage space required for the biometric template, reducing the size of the database memory required. A persons voice can be easily recorded and used for unauthorised PC or network. How does retinal scanning works - eZoneToday Eye scanners scan the unique patterns of an individuals retina and/or iris to accurately and quickly verify their identity to access restricted areas, services, or information. Another similar Biometric modality is Retinal Recognition, which is the topic of this article. Besides, sometimes they are combined with cryptography methods, which makes them more difficult (more expensive) to implement. Throughout the entire human anatomy, it is the eye which captures the intrigue of both medical practitioners and research scientists. c. The eye from a dead person would deteriorate too fast to be useful, so no extra precautions have to been taken with retinal scans to be sure the user is a living human being. Until 2010, there was no such thing as a fiber-optical coherence tube (NOCT). According to a study, only 20% of a scanning devices security is rejected as a result of a faulty retina scan. Your email address will not be published. b. The first study to confirm the uniqueness of the retinas blood vessel pattern was released in 1935 by Dr. Carleton Simon and Dr. Isodore Goldstein. Research shows that retinal scans are very accurate. In a variety of high-risk sectors, such as border patrol and aviation, retina security scanning has demonstrated its ability to implement reliable biometric security protocols. In other words, as a result of this process, it is much more difficult to fool a person than other forms of biometric technology. The retina's capillaries absorb the light better than other parts of the eye, so the scan is able to create a pattern of blood vessels - which is then measured and verified. Advantages and Disadvantages of Biometric Authentication. The iPhone 11 is also equipped with an A13 Bionic chip, which provides excellent performance in harsh water conditions, making it ideal for mobile professionals and students alike. If you are not a robot then please try again. This includes military installations and bases, nuclear facilities, and laboratories where very high calibre research and development is taking place. b. Verification time is generally less than 5 seconds. Is Biometric Technology Worth the Cost? | CIO Insight Iris recognition is one of the fastest biometric modalities for identity verification and authentication on the market. Advantages: Significantly improved resolution (1 m); more images taken; eye tracking feature. How to Create Trusted Remote Working Environment, Opportunities for Biometrics in the Developing World are Endless, What Are the Best Methods to Maintain Employee Timesheets, 10 IOT Revolutions That Will Be Available in Every Smart Home After 10 Years. The Pros And Cons Of A Retina Scanner: Commercial Vs Open Source. Because of its stability and richness, it is almost impossible to spoof a retinal recognition system. Iris scan, however, is more practical in real world applications. The retina contains multiple layers of sensory tissue and millions of photoreceptors. High equipment costs. Overall, the effectiveness and viability of retinal recognition can be examined against seven criteria which are also used by the biometrics industry here in the United States: Universality: Among all the biometrics in use today, eye biometrics (iris and retina) offers the highest level of uniqueness, universality, permanence, and accuracy, since iris and retina are an individuals unique biological traits. Making Secure Electronic Documents Cyber Resilient: Part 2, Physical & Behavioral Biometric Technologies: Part 11, Making Secure Electronic Documents Cyber Resilient: Part 1, Physical & Behavioral Biometric Technologies: Part 10, Digital Travel Credential Between Canada and the Netherlands, The retina is deemed to be very stable, and hardly ever changes over the lifetime of an individual.

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