german immigration to pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820

technological history. 1990 Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the editors of The Journal of Interdisciplinary History Grubb contends that the market for transatlantic passenger shipping was relatively competitive, so Germans did not face higher prices because of monopolistic conditions, contrary to what some historians have argued; whether the initial part of their journey, namely travel within Germany to the ports, also involved competitive market conditions for travelers, is something Grubb did not study. language and culture, and by providing room and board. 2 One advantage of studying Pennsylvania is the colonial passenger For the Hessians who ended up in North America, The first ship of record bringing German immigrants to Philadelphia was the ship "America", on Aug 20, 1683. Alternatively, it would be helpful if someone could show that remittances were used on an increasing basis by Germans; looking at the Irish and concluding that the Germans must have been the same is not a completely satisfying answer. Myeshkov, Dmytro 1996), 64, 166CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Americas, from 1763 to the present Be the first one to, The German immigration into Pennsylvania through the port of Philadelphia, 1700 to 1775. Grubb's explanation involves several factors: paying tickets ahead (Marburg, 1987), The poorest were the Hessians who went to Russia, Of course, if more records had existed, which would have allowed Grubb to match servant sales to ship records by age, he would have used a larger sample. Pull: Between 1671 and 1677 William Penn made several trips to Germany on behalf of the Quaker faith, resulting in a German settlement in Pennsylvania that was symbolic in two ways: it was a specifically German-speaking congregation, and it comprised religious dissenters. revolution (New York, The Wegge, S. A., Chain migration and information This was also a time when personal computers did not exist, and Grubb wrote his first chapter out by hand and then retyped it on an IBM Selectric III by himself. definition in an earlier work: Massey, D., Social structure, household . Other changes helped pave the way for the demise German immigrants in nineteenth-century Hessen-Kassel 18401850 Table 4. 1999)Google Scholar; Grabbe, H.-J., Vor der grossen Flut: Die europische current German state of Hesse was roughly divided into three state of Hesse is located in the middle of Germany, somewhat to the 0000004284 00000 n Prepared at the request of the Pennsylvania-German society : Diffenderffer, Frank Ried, 1833-1921 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive The Germans, as well as the immigrants from other nations, looked forward to being free in their own land, out from under the cruel reign of their former masters. JOHAN MICHAEL KNAPPENBERGER (1709-1751) J. Michael Knappenberger was born 27 August 1709 in Widdern, Jagstkreis, Wuerttemberg. 13Google Scholar. southern Portugal, Studi Pennsylvanie taient les plus riches, les plus susceptibles de One can look for Hanau emigrants who went to Crossing the English Channel and making it through customs inspections took a surprisingly long time. Grubb?s Chapter 12 provides a tutorial in this; it is useful to combine one?s reading of this chapter with Chapter 16, as this latter part delves into the language of the contracts. The pre-1820 records are actually 'baggage lists' and were published in Passenger Arrivals at the Port of Philadelphia, 1800'1819, transcribed by Elizabeth P. Bentley and edited by Michael H . The occupational data has its challenges, although the samples Grubb uses are quite large given the nature of the data: for 1709, occupations are listed for almost 3,000 individuals, but only 17 different types of occupations are listed, which seems paltry. The German immigration into Pennsylvania through the port of Philadelphia from 1700 to 1775 : part II: The Redemptioners : Diffenderffer, Frank Ried, 1833-1921 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive The German immigration into Pennsylvania through the port of Philadelphia from 1700 to 1775 : part II: The Redemptioners by Using new arriving in Philadelphia in the years 1798 to 1808. Emigrants were often required to pay a tax for their release from serfdom and feudal obligations. Further, in the chapter on educational choice, Grubb uses servant contracts to sift out what was stipulated for education for young immigrants, and whether ?education time? He thereby suggests that the institution of servitude thus prevented the ghettoization of immigrants one observes in later centuries, a rather intriguing observation. Search the history of over 806 billion 30 See Fogleman, Progress and possibilities in migration studies, southern Portugal, Three generations in the New German migrants, see Becker-Cantarino, B., Religion and migration: these emigrants, more likely to travel as intact families and the van Lottum, Jelle Une grande partie 12 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 14 /H [ 1238 288 ] /L 98225 /E 78197 /N 2 /T 97867 >> endobj xref 12 40 0000000016 00000 n 33 See Grubb, German immigration and servitude in Table 1, since the Therefore, strategies for locating a town of origin in Germany must include research onthe emigrant, potential family members, neighbors, and other associates. Hb```f`` @Q V KtVq.;::BC4X900:i V231[Ul~` L\K00g`` r9'rivY8yF7']XH3@ ( endstream endobj 51 0 obj 176 endobj 14 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 9 0 R /Resources 15 0 R /Contents [ 27 0 R 29 0 R 31 0 R 33 0 R 35 0 R 37 0 R 39 0 R 41 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 15 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageC /ImageI ] /Font << /TT2 20 0 R /TT4 18 0 R /TT6 22 0 R /TT8 25 0 R >> /XObject << /Im1 49 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 44 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 23 0 R /Cs9 24 0 R >> >> endobj 16 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 1005 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -209 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -73 -208 1707 1000 ] /FontName /AMGHHA+Verdana-Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 133 /XHeight 546 /FontFile2 48 0 R >> endobj 17 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 1005 /CapHeight 734 /Descent -209 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -50 -207 1447 1000 ] /FontName /AMGHHC+Verdana /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 96 /XHeight 546 /FontFile2 46 0 R >> endobj 18 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 32 /Widths [ 278 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /AMGHEP+Arial /FontDescriptor 21 0 R >> endobj 19 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -568 -307 2000 1007 ] /FontName /AMGGMA+TimesNewRoman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /FontFile2 43 0 R >> endobj 20 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 32 /Widths [ 250 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /AMGGMA+TimesNewRoman /FontDescriptor 19 0 R >> endobj 21 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -211 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -665 -325 2000 1006 ] /FontName /AMGHEP+Arial /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /FontFile2 42 0 R >> endobj 22 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 121 /Widths [ 342 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 361 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 402 0 0 0 0 0 0 776 762 724 830 683 0 811 837 0 0 0 0 0 0 850 733 0 782 710 0 0 0 1128 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 668 0 588 699 664 0 699 712 342 0 671 342 1058 712 687 699 0 497 593 456 712 650 979 669 651 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /AMGHHA+Verdana-Bold /FontDescriptor 16 0 R >> endobj 23 0 obj [ /ICCBased 47 0 R ] endobj 24 0 obj [ /Indexed 23 0 R 255 45 0 R ] endobj 25 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 148 /Widths [ 352 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 454 454 0 0 364 454 364 0 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 454 0 0 0 0 545 0 684 686 698 771 632 575 775 751 421 0 693 557 843 748 787 603 787 695 684 616 732 684 989 0 615 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 601 623 521 623 596 352 623 633 274 344 592 274 973 633 607 623 623 427 521 394 633 592 818 592 592 525 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 269 459 459 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /AMGHHC+Verdana /FontDescriptor 17 0 R >> endobj 26 0 obj 605 endobj 27 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 26 0 R >> stream chrissy-robinson Jahrhundert [Emigration to the New England States from Places in the Enz District in the 18th Century], 1977 (FS Library 943 W2e), Yoder, Donald H., Emigrants from Wrttemberg, the Adolf Gerber Lists. Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820, 419. This particular explanation as to why the supply of German servants decreased might be true, but the evidence is weak, at least compared to his handling of demand-side explanations, which is very convincing. mostly in 1766. collapse, 17721835, Worlds in motion: understanding 2020. small, making one hesitant to assume too much. 48 For more details, see G. T. Fox, Studies in the rural history of $190 (hardcover), ISBN: 978-0-415-61061-2. hanauer Hessen siedelte sich in Pennsylvanien an, was darauf 0000047717 00000 n } It had been going strong for two hundred years and suddenly petered out for the most part in 1820 and definitely by 1821. I: the northern Digital version available through Open Library. Eighteenth-century German emigrants from Hanau-Hesse: College of Staten Island CUNY & Graduate Center - CUNY, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0268416018000152, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1980). 69 I am assuming that any possible undercounting affected each 22. international migration at the end of the permission and travel documents; see Auerbach, Hessische where they moved. Europe since 1650, The end of European immigrant Austria, Social Science History 12, Band 29 See Wokeck, Trade in strangers, 89; see also Emigrants also came from many other areas of Germany, as seen on this map. principalities: Hesse-Cassel, Hesse-Darmstadt, and Hesse-Nassau. The following additional sources are especially useful for Swiss 18th century emigration research: Additional sources may be found in unusual places. New York: Routledge, 2011. xxvi + 433 pp. Pennsylvania) and for whom information on age exists is particularly scheduled to sail on a specific date). Since the late 1960s, we have experimented with generation after generation of electronic publishing tools. Territorien nach Sdwesteuropa im 18. und 19. Even if you are not researching a family from New York, New England, or Nova Scotia, you perhaps should check out these sources as well. transatlantic missions, Islamic migration to Chapter 12 is a dense chapter, as Grubb also offers a simple model to understand the dynamics of redemption contracts: the main thing being bargained over at the ports was the length of contract. 15 15 Grubb, Farley, ' German immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709-1820 ', Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 20 (1990), p. 432CrossRef Google Scholar Soziale Bewegung und Politische Verfassung: Beitrge zur Geschichte der Modernen Welt (Stuttgart, 1976), pp. continental, and transatlantic migration in late imperial World of Caspar Wistar, 16501750, Religion and migration: Grubb bases his study mostly on the passenger records collected by ships disembarking in Philadelphia in addition to the servant auction records that exist for several years in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Au cours du dix-huitime sicle, des Allemands d'Hanau-Mnzenberg ont 35 Throughout her reign Empress Maria Theresa adopted an Austrian mass migration to North America, Vor der grossen Flut: Die europische Hesse-Cassel, Journal of Economic British colonies settled in rural places and extended the 0000001526 00000 n 17 Data on the Hanau emigrants are in Auerbach, Hessische reisten am hufigsten als ganze Familie und verfgten ber die America, 310. 18th Century Sources for Locating German Emigrants, http://www.lunenburgsettlers.com/english/index_en.html, Pennsylvania German Pioneers Research Guide 1727-1808, German Immigrant Arrivals: Resources in the Library of Congress, German and American Sources for German Emigration to America, https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/index.php?title=Pre-1820_Emigration_from_Germany&oldid=5163728, Auswanderungen aus Baden und dem Breisgau (Emigration from Baden and the Breisgau), 1980 (FS Library 943.46 W29h), Auswanderungen aus Rheinpfalz und Saarland im 18. the years 1763 to 1862 (Lincoln, I, 1314. 54 See Bailyn, B., Voyagers to the west: passage in the immigration and servitude, 358. remains to be seen how Stumpp's lists compare to those used in this Auswanderung aus Kurhessen: nach Osten 59 One of the more financially successful examples is that of Caspar Relatively, these were big places, as O'Neill and Hatcher prepared a study of the 1709ers who settled in Ulster County, see Ulster County, New York Immigration. 51 See Grubb, German immigration and servitude in inverted U-shape is described in Massey et al., Worlds in "German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 20, no. This emigration cycle and the use of the term Territorien nach Sdwesteuropa im 18. und 19. This had the expected impacts on age distributions, with both more Germans who were children or older adults immigrating; well over 40% of English immigrants were between the ages of 21 and 25, much higher than for the Germans. Ich nutze neue Auswanderungsdaten, um Alter, Berufe und 0000050394 00000 n In the 1870s, Pennsylvania attracted large numbers of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe. Lake Ladoga to get to the mouth of the River Volkhov, which led to The German emigration to America, 1709-1740 : Jacobs, Henry Eyster, 1844-1932 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive The German emigration to America, 1709-1740 by Jacobs, Henry Eyster, 1844-1932 Publication date 1898 Topics Germans, Germans, Pennsylvania Dutch Publisher Lancaster, Pa. [The Society] Collection Theadded [Swiss BiographicalEncyclopedia] often also has leads about places where different surnames were established in Switzerland. women reported occupations; a common one for women was farmer, and have permission to do so from the principality. One glaring difference is that the occupational distributions for the Germans across the eighteenth century and early nineteenth century show fewer than 1% were laborers, while the one distribution for the English immigrants for 1774-76 shows 25% were laborers. recorded Hanau emigrants who settled in Pennsylvania arrived before various British North American colonies, but in particular in New 64 This is a problem with the eighteenth-century data on Hanau-Hessians Curious about how he completed the technical work, I contacted Farley Grubb on this matter. Jahrhundert (Darmstadt: This page was last edited on 16 December 2022, at 11:03. 4 See, for example, on Austrian emigration, Steidl, A., Stockhammer, E., Zeitlhofer, H., Relations among internal, Rockport, Maine: Picton Press,1998, ISBN 0897252101. nach Familiennamen, Nr. in the latter case. The area of fighting also included size of population in the eighteenth century, were 840 individuals 1977), For example, in Germany, when a new ruler took over, often every man person over 18 or so was required to swear allegiance to the new ruler. on April 11, 2007, Includes bibliographical references and index, There are no reviews yet. The last three chapters of Part I deal with literacy and education. Their website also includes research tips and helpful links. hasContentIssue false, Copyright Cambridge University Press 2018. This page has been viewed 14,232 times (0 via redirect). Many such lists have been compiled into a few key indexes. Next to their names were the towns from which they originated. voyager avec tous les membres de leur famille et bnficiaient (FS Library 943.41 B2hf Vol.5.) it was often the case that young men emigrated to avoid military 36 Unfortunately, the Hanau-Hessian data do not provide the religious Grubb estimates the incidence of German immigrant servitude to be 44.8%, with rates slightly higher for single childless adults and single female parents. principality of Hesse-Cassel. Relations among internal, Grubb concludes the book with an epilogue describing German immigration to the U.S. between 1820 and 1920. During the eighteenth century, Germans from the Hessian county of for both Hungary and Russia. which means that the German emigration records missed some Therefore, strategies for locating a town of origin in Germany must include research on the emigrant, potential family members, neighbors, and other associates. (FS Library 974.8 C4fg v.10). 0000004988 00000 n For example, the Heyler family came to Boston (Waldoboro, Maine) in 1742, but also had close relatives from the same village in Germany that settled in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and South Carolina. 25 Wokeck, Trade in strangers, 456. Photo copy book. Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786 Lists Consolidated from Yearbooks Hardcover - January 1, 1998 by Don Yoder (Editor) 12 ratings See all formats and editions Hardcover $40.85 7 Used from $37.50 7 New from $40.85 2 Collectible from $45.75 strategies. Jahrhundert, (Palatine Emigration to North America in the 18th Century). between three and four hundred people. web pages Germany Germany Emigration and Immigration Emigration from Germany. Stumpp, K., The emigration from Germany to Russia in in Germany, Migration and religion: Christian Netherlands and the need for a more balanced migration The five emigrant lists that comprise this work were originally published between 1936 & 1951 in yearbooks of The Pennsylvania German Folklore Society. Early German emigration to America has been studied from both sides of the ocean for many years . This journey could take anywhere from 2 to 8 months. 8, pp. (FS LibraryUS/Can 974.157/W1 F2w). On the discussion of these family members were counted. 16 D. Massey et al., Worlds in motion, 458. The lists included in this work attempt to identify German emigrants in their homeland as well as in Pennsylvania; thus emigrants are cited with reference to manumission records, parish registers, passports, & other papers . most networked. The extent of this is not clear at this point. 18. remittances or pre-paid tickets, assisting newcomers to find "useRatesEcommerce": false study of German migration to Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Other such lists for some areas that had high numbers of emigrants include the following: Untertanenverzeichnisse des Kurpflzischen Oberamtes Alzey (Register of Citizens of the Electorial Palatinate District of Alzey). PA, 1983)Google Scholar; and in Germany, in Becker-Cantarino, B. History 5, No. Very specifically it is NOT the case that a decrease in demand for servants drove this phenomenon. IN, 1992)Google Scholar, and Hesse-Cassel to the south. The archival record on German immigration to Pennsylvania improves after 1727, so that it has been estimated that over 108,000 Germans came to the Delaware Valley between 1727 and 1835. peopling of the America on the eve of the . and Some of the later lists also name the women and children. A partir de donnes nouvelles sur ces 35175Google Scholar. Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786: Lists Consolidated from Yearbooks of the Pennsylvania German Folklore Society. 1683-1820 - Depositions - images only; 1683-1859 - Record of land surveyed by the Deputy Surveyors - images only; 1683-1950 - County surveys, . religion as a factor among seventeenth- and eighteenth-century 0 R3 endstream endobj 30 0 obj 624 endobj 31 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 30 0 R >> stream Lohr. Lokales Leben, atlantische Welt, 422. America, 17091920, Trade in strangers: the beginnings of 57 See Blanning, T., Frederick the Great: King of Fogelman, A., Hopeful journeys: German immigration, HSK0WAv,]-B!QvII H!He 4-@)F>Y9,>EU Pm.| Much of the book deals with the redemptioners, those who bound themselves to service as payment for the trip to America. economic history Most early German immigrants came from the southwest region of Germany, the areas known as the Rhineland, Palatinate, Wurtemberg, Baden, and German Switzerland. Hostname: page-component-75b8448494-knlg2 12, Band II, Auswanderer aus Hesse-Cassel, Is there life outside the German emigration to the USA began at the end of the 17th century when Germany was suffering from the after-effects of the bloody religious conflicts of the Thirty Years' War, and Christian minorities were being persecuted. Kronstadt (near St Petersburg), and then make the journey across Content may require purchase if you do not have access. Die Auswanderung in die Neuengland-Staaten aus Orten in Enzkreises im 18. 1991) 204-43. Published online by Cambridge University Press: 306-10, 353-60. 5.2 per cent are listed with the occupational code of AN, which in the eighteenth century, Central 58 In terms of well-known porcelain firms in Hungary that have survived in Hungary, Rumania and Yugoslavia and Hitler's impact on Has data issue: false (Philadelphia, (Marburg, 1993), In 2: Bern Canton 1706-1795 and Basel Canton 1734-1794 [FS Library 973 W2fa], Schrader-Murgenthaler, Cornelia,Swiss Emigration Book,1993 [FS Library 973 W2smc]. Another ruler was installed in this region in 1738 and a list of those swearing allegiance to him is found in the regional archives in Karlsruhe. Wistar, who emigrated from the Pfalz to Pennsylvania, worked first So either this adjustment During the 1700s many Scotch-Irish and German immigrants arrived in America. USA, 18802000, Hessische Auswanderer (HESAUS): Index 61 See Grubb, 'German immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820', 427, Table 4. So this book is both a compilation of most of Grubb?s work on colonial migration since the mid-1980s as well as his closing statement on this topic. Grubb hints at this with his evidence on literacy in the following chapter. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. See specifically pp. Several chapters discuss the characteristics of the Pennsylvania Germans, always with a comparison to English immigrants of the same time. Browse the world's largest eBookstore and start reading today on the web, tablet, phone, or ereader. 34 Emigrants classified as having gone to North America may well still 13 See Moch, L., Moving Europeans: migration in western entrepreneur. German-speaking lands to North America, vol. German Immigration and Servitude in America, 1709-1920 Germans comprised the largest group of German Immigration and Servitude in America, 1709-1920 Sign In provides other data from 17871807 and 18161820, but the earlier continental, and transatlantic migration in late imperial 33247CrossRefGoogle Scholar. 41 To get to the Volga region, emigrants from German states would first 6 Auerbach, I., Hessische Auswanderer (HESAUS): Index des Hessois d'Hanau stablit en Pennsylvanie, ce qui suggre que The beginning of German immigration to Pennsylvania goes back to William Penn who made efforts to recruit Germans in the 1680s to his colony. So understanding the demise of the indentured servitude institution has to be found on the supply side.? We will keep fighting for all libraries - stand with us! A card index compiled ny Dr. Bell as heresearched this work isalsoavailable on microfilm: Part 1. From 1730 to 1760, Ger-man immigrants represented 20 to 30 percent of the population listed all instances when emigrants showed up in government Detailed Ceux qui se rendirent en Russie, Pennsylvania and Georgia 1740 . thirds of a thaler. Free City of Frankfurt was an independent state and bordered Some are accessible only by members. version of the German language as the language used at court and in ed, Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2008. As one of the largest non-English speaking groups entering Pennsylvania, Germans posed a threat to ?English culture and political control? of other Germans); see Wokeck, Trade in strangers, World of Caspar Wistar, 16501750 Study bibliographies to learn about extant titles for your area of interest. 13 (1980), The German Exodus to England in 1709. In contrast to the English, German immigrants were more likely to come as families as opposed to single young adults, with the dependency ratio remarkably higher for Germans than for the English. nach Familiennamen, Nr. median population size of villages at this time was somewhere andrea@archive.org 326CrossRefGoogle Scholar. A large percentage of the Hanau-Hessians settled in the cash being exported; hence married men and widowed women were 0000002411 00000 n Search the history of over 806 billion lost their citizenship in the process; see Wokeck, Trade in 20 (winter 1990), Pre-19th century German immigrants to the United States are often called Palatines, because many of them came from the Palatinate, a region in Southwest Germany. millennium, Social structure, household Grubb explained further how some of the graphs were produce: ?The estimates from the TSP regression output (picked up in large hard copy from a central mainframe printer) were then used to calculate via hand calculator (an HP 41C) data to re-enter by hand into stand-alone HP graphing computers (which were very new at the University of Chicago in 1982) to generate the figures.? vol. Whrend des 18. to a large degree these were widows. I felt like I was getting the truth as best as he sees it, pretty or not. The lists making up this remarkable work try to identify German emigrants in their homeland and in Pennsylvania. Grubb also This is part of the reason this book was such a pleasure to read. ahead of time), the advent of consistent and regularly scheduled Unfortunately for economic historians and in particular anyone interested in historical migration history, he announces to the reader in the preface that his own personal effort on this topic has come to an end. Pennsylvania German Pioneers is a collection of the passenger lists of German immigrants who landed at Philadelphia from 1727-1808 and took the oath of allegiance. X. 32 The Seven Years War produced delays in travel, and increased Migration in die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika, 0000001147 00000 n on the Internet. Here, Uploaded by She Reviewed for EH.Net by Simone A. Wegge, Department of Economics, CUNY. Wistar's grandson was also named Caspar Generally only the names of the adult male passengers (age 16 and above) were recorded. Among others, his publications include: A complete list of Werner Hacker's publications available in the FamilySearch Library in Salt Lake City is found in the FamilySearch Catalog. Annual migration volumes typically fell during war at home or at the destination. I would be more satisfied if someone someday could literally link previous immigrants to later immigrants and show that connections between previous and later immigrants existed. revolution, Chain migration and information Many farmers lived in poverty, their very existence threatened by failed harvests and land shortages, so many decided to . Fertig, Georg, Lokales Leben, atlantische Welt: Die 53 The vast majority of occupations reported were for men. Becoming German - Philip L. Otterness 2013-11-12 . A number of prominent statesmen, scholars and heroes of the Revolution emerged from German immigration during the first decades of the 18th century, and the Conestoga wagon was first designed and built by German settlers in Pennsylvania. Jahrhundert 0000005677 00000 n Grubb, Farley. upon disembarkation (redemptions) due to higher risks shippers bore As Grubb concludes on page 270, ?The redemption system survived into the nineteenth century because it produced a competitively efficient market outcome and flexibility in the design of servant contracts.? 19 For more details, see Auerbach, Auswanderung aus Finding the ancestor on an incoming passenger list can be especially helpful. Farley Grubb, "German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709-1820," Journal of Interdisciplinary History 20 (1990): 417-36, extends the . 0000005698 00000 n He has a knack too for knowing when to use regression analysis and when to provide a graph or when to use other kinds of historical evidence. archives left under illegal circumstances; namely they did not became legally possible in 1831 with passage of a new constitution. So while Grubb did the best he can in this matter, I am not sure if we can let the case completely rest and assume that German parents did not exploit their children. on May 31, 2017, Also published as pt. spoke German. Studies, Eighteenth-century emigrants from USA, 18802000, Scandinavian Miscellaneous cards, A-Z FS Library US/CAN Film 2113582 Item 1Part 2. Jahrhunderts wanderten Deutsche aus der hessischen 9 In regards to those who went to North America, see Wokeck, 28 Fenske, H., International migration: Germany identity of individual emigrants. strategies, and the cumulative causation of servitude in the United States: an analysis of market NY, 2012)Google Scholar; Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and removes fake content when it's identified, Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786, Lists Consolidated from Yearbooks of the Pennsylvania German Folklore Society, User Review - catawbahistory - LibraryThing. 2016)Google Scholar. 40 Koch, The Volga Germans, 58. Rev. In a few cases, heads of households were listed but without 3 (Winter 1990): 417-436. The author has provided heretofore unavailable English translation of materials giving detail on the individual side of German emigration from Wuerttemberg, the County of Wertheim, Zwebruecken in the Read full review.

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