elsie lacks medical records

Until this point, all of Geys attempts to grow a human cell line had ended in failure, but Henriettas cells were different: they never died. Using her summary as an outline, examine the evolution of laws concerning tissue research and write a persuasive paper on the issue of whether or not people should be given legal ownership of, and/or control over, their tissues. In Elsie's medical record is a photo of her looking unkempt and crying, which a white woman's hand around her throat. 3. After witnessing the amount of physical and emotional anguish that Deborah is in, Gary begins to preach and lay hands on Deborah. Skloot tells her that the blood McKusick took from her family wasn't for a cancer test. After her initial round of treatment, what did Henriettas doctors assume about the effectiveness of the radium therapy? Skloot uses vivid imagery and details to describe Henriettas childhood in Clover. Contrast the rhetorical structure and narrative strategies used in the television episode with those in Skloots book. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. Explain your answer. Explain your answer. 2. Using the book as a guide, describe the process of scientific inquiry. Research the history of scientific experimentation on humans in the United States. How did Deborah initially react to the news about her sister? It is given the name HeLa after the first two initials of Henriettas first and last names.1951 Henrietta Lacks dies of an unusually aggressive strain of cervical cancer.1952 HeLa cells become the first living cells shipped via postal mail.1952 The Tuskegee Institute opens the first HeLa factory, supplying cells to laboratories and researchers and operating as a nonprofit. David Jr. Sonny Lacks Henrietta and Days third child, Deborah Dale Lacks Henrietta and Days fourth child. Analyze the ways in which Skloots style exemplifies the writers rule of show, dont tell as she develops the characters of Henrietta, Deborah, George Gey, or other key figures in the book. Just for joining youll get personalized recommendations on your dashboard daily and features only for members. quarterly journal African American Review promotes a lively exchange How can you tell that Elsies photograph and autopsy are deeply troubling to Deborah? 7. 5. She died when Henrietta was four. Why did scientists want to fuse human and animal cells? Literacy in Science and Technical Subjects Grades 9-10 Key Ideas and Details Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to the precise details of explanations or descriptions. He showed them the freezer where HeLa samples were kept and noted that the HeLa contamination seemed like poetic justice for sciences mistreatment of the Lacks family. Explain the contribution that HeLa made to the emerging field of genetics. 9. He organizes a yearly HeLa conference at Morehouse in Henriettas honor.Stanley Gartlerthe geneticist who dropped the HeLa bomb when he proposed that many of the most commonly used cell cultures had been contaminated by HeLaSusan Hsuthe postdoctoral student in Victor McKusicks lab who was assigned to make contact with the Lackses and request samples from them for genetic testing without informed consentVictor McKusickgeneticist at Johns Hopkins who conducted research on samples taken from Henriettas children without informed consent to learn more about HeLa cellsWalter Nelson-Reesthe geneticist who tracked and published the names of cell lines contaminated with HeLa without first warning the researchers he exposed. As the story of HeLa unfolds, so does the story of Henriettas surviving children, who for two decades were unaware of the existence of their mothers cellsand the multimillion-dollar industry that developed around the production and use of HeLa. 5. As she lay on the operating table, a sample of her cancerous cervical tissue was taken without her knowledge or consent and given to Dr. George Gey, the head of tissue research. 6. In the midst of the ceremony, Pullum pulls Rebecca up on the pulpit, saying that she has come to make sense of Henrietta's cells. There are many excellent multimedia resources related to this book available on the authors website at RebeccaSkloot.com. Why does Sadie think Henrietta hesitated before seeing a doctor? Exhausted from staying up with the records. What crime did Joe commit? Explain your answer. 7. Which comments of his foreshadow that something terrible happened to Elsie? 4. Though this is not entirely accurate from a scientific point of view, it provides a much more emotionally satisfying answer than most scientific explanations. How does Skloots attitude toward the relationship between religious faith and science evolve as a result of her relationship with the Lacks family? How is Skloots different perspective evident in the way she conducted her research and wrote the book? He published details from Henriettas medical records and autopsy report without permission from the Lacks family.Michael RogersRolling Stone reporter who wrote an article about the Lacks family in 1976. Analyze the cultural and historic events that have influenced, or would influence, these interpretations. A lay preacher, he performed a faith healing on Deborah. Why do you think they were willing to sacrifice to help her? Immediate Lacks FamilyDavid Day LacksHenriettas husband and cousinDavid Jr. Sonny LacksHenrietta and Days third childDeborah Dale LacksHenrietta and Days fourth childEliza Lacks PleasantHenriettas mother. And from that same life, and those cells, Rebecca Skloot has fashioned in. She recovers well and is determined to learn more about her mother, but she doesn't have the money to continue with school. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks - SparkNotes Plant-Based Diet and Weight Loss: Do Veggies Work? What can you infer about her personality based on this behavior? 3. He became known as a vigilante. During the 1950s, however, Crownsville was essentially a dumping ground for unwanted African Americansthe ill, the mentally impaired, and even criminals. 3. Deborah is also a generous and forgiving person, as evidenced by her comment that the family cannot go into history with a hate attitude. Soon, a simple urine test, with examination of collected cells, may be the new standard for bladder cancer testing, replacing the invasive and often painful tests currently used. Contrast the working conditions of black workers and white workers at the Sparrows Point Steel Mill. Some rooms had drains on the floor rather than toilets. Web3. We are experiencing technical difficulties. Compare and contrast the medical research likely performed on Elsie with Geys research and Southams research. How did Deborah discover the truth about Cofield? How did Bobette find out about HeLa? What did Cofield do when he realized that the Lacks family had blocked his access to their family records? Slavin founded Essential Biologicals, a company that sold his cells, and later cells from other people so individuals could profit form their own biological materials. The Long Road to Clover 2009. What was the lawyers main argument in Joes defense? How long had Henrietta been dead when her family found out that her cells were still alive? Her autopsy report reveals that she spent five years at the hospital and died from internal bleeding from self-induced vomiting. Do you feel that it is an appropriate response? He left his ten children when their mother died. 4. Her autopsy report reveals that she spent five years at Rebecca finds one record from shortly before Henrietta gave birth to Deborah; the doctor says her cervix looked healthy then. 5. interviews; poetry; fiction; and book reviews. Sadie Sturdivant Margarets sister, Henriettas cousin and confidante. Dayle Delancey, a professor in the Department of Medical History and Bioethics, published a 2009 paper called How Could It Not Be Haunted? The Haunted Hospital as Historical Record and Ethics Referendum., In this work, Delancey states that, Medical ethicists and medical historians might be tempted to dismiss these depictions as mere vagaries of popular culture, but that would be an unfortunate oversight because haunted hospital lore memorializes historical claims of patient abuse, neglect, and maltreatment.. In the morning, Rebecca is exhausted and Deborah has broken out in massive hives and welts. Continue to start your free trial. The questions in the final section, Topics for Further Discussion, require students to expand their thinking and engage in significant research activities related to subjects or issues raised in the book. 4. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. Why did Henriettas doctors need to ask for her familys permission to remove tissue samples after her death? He and his wife Ethel moved in with Day after Henriettas death to help take care of the children. Lengauer thanked them for coming and acknowledged how difficult it must have been for Deborah and Zakariyya to come into a Hopkins lab. When Skloot sees Henrietta's medical records lying on her bed with Deborah's other papers, she makes the mistake of reaching for them. How have groups of people such as African Americans, women, children, and most recently, immigrants, fought for legislation protecting their right to privacy? How old was Henrietta when she had her first child with Day? How did Day, Sonny, and Lawrence respond to Joes crime? 6. 9. He ended up abusing Deborah.Gary LacksGladyss son and Deborahs cousin. 2. George Gey head of tissue-culture research at Johns Hopkins. MUSE delivers outstanding results to the scholarly community by maximizing revenues for publishers, providing value to libraries, and enabling access for scholars worldwide. Explain your answer. He developed the techniques used to grow HeLa cells from Henriettas cancer tissue in his lab.Howard JonesHenriettas gynecologist at Johns HopkinsLeonard HayflickMicrobiologist who proved that normal cells die when theyve doubled about fifty times. He and his wife, Ethel, moved in with Day after Henriettas death to helptake care of the children. Chapter Five: Blackness Be Spreadin All Inside 1. Lengauer says he thinks Hopkins really screwed up the HeLa situation, and Deborah is surprised to hear a white person finally acknowledge this. Galen Henriettas cousin. Cliff Garrett Henriettas cousin. College and Career Success/Interdisciplinary. Explain Deborahs fears regarding her sister, Elsie. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Meanwhile, Henrietta's family continued to live in poverty and frequently poor health, and their discovery decades later of her unknowing contribution--and her cells' strange survival--left them full of pride, anger, and suspicion. Lucille Elsie Lacks (1939 - 1955) was the daughter of David Lacks and Loretta Pleasant. Why Different Societies Have Different Moral Codes | Shortform Books Chapter 37. What does this term suggest about the values of the Lacks family? 7. What specific request did Gey make prior to going into surgery? Elsie Lacks was the second child of Henrietta Lacks. 5. Leonard Hayflick microbiologist who proved that normal cells die when theyve doubled about fifty times. 4. Do you believe Gey was disrespectful? One of the largest publishers in the United States, the Johns Hopkins University Press combines traditional books and journals publishing units with cutting-edge service divisions that sustain diversity and independence among nonprofit, scholarly publishers, societies, and associations. Central to this narrative is the relationship between Skloot and Deborah. 3. Compare and contrast the Turner Station that Skloot visited in 1999 with the Turner Station that Henrietta experienced as a young woman. | Hopkins Fulfillment Services (HFS) Why did Deborah choose not to request a copy of her mothers medical records? 8. What facts about George Geys life support the assertion that he never personally profited from the development of HeLa? This section became known as Lacks Town.Alfred Cheetah CarterDeborahs first husband. Give an example of indirect characterization that reveals that the Lacks family distrusts doctors. What obstacle almost kept her from doing so? Cootie seems to know and understand a little bit about HeLa cells, but he believes that Henriettas spirit is still present in her cells. The title of this chapter contains an allusion to the classic horror movie Frankenstein. Deborah interprets this as evidence that Rebecca is lying, and demands to know who she's working for. 9. 11. The two women drive to Crownsville, which was formerly known as the Hospital for the Negro Insane. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The soul cleansing in Chapter 35 and Gary's description of the meaning of Henrietta's contribution in Chapter 36 show that their religious faith and their understanding of science is interconnected. His manipulative behavior causes fear and stress for those involved. Teachers and parents! Chapter Four: The Birth of HeLa 1. It is being translated into more than twenty languages and adapted into an HBO film produced by Oprah Winfrey and Alan Ball. Explain why this moment is significant. What does it tell you about Joes personality and background? 2. The Lacks family learns for the first time that Henriettas cells have been commercialized.1984 John Moore unsuccessfully sues his doctor and the Board of Regents of the University of California for property rights over his tissues. 6. Who was the daughter of Henrietta Lacks that died only a few years after her mother? What was Henriettas final request? What do the Lackses believe night doctors do? Why do you think Skloot structured the book this way? Want to know what people are actually reading right now? Before You Read Point out the differences between the genres of historical fiction and nonfiction. Chapter Nine: Turner Station 1. He developed the techniques used to grow HeLa cells from Henriettas cancer tissue in his lab. Chapter Twenty-Three: Its Alive 1. Deborah is relieved. Want 100 or more? "The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks Chapters 32-37 Summary and Analysis". 6. This is known as the Hayflick limit.Margaret GeyGeorge Geys wife and research assistant. Before her death, she received treatment in a segregated colored ward at Johns Hopkins, the only hospital in Baltimore that would treat black patients. The photograph, in contrast to Elsies childhood photos, was horrific, and showed that Elsie clearly suffered neglect. Tommy Lacks Henrietta and Days grandfather who raised both of them. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks is her first book. How does religious faith help frame the Lackses response to, and interpretation of, the scientific information they receive about HeLa? Project MUSE Analyze the way that Christoph Lengauer interacts with the Lacks family. What events led to it being developed? What was George Geys position at Johns Hopkins? mission to include the study of a broader array of cultural What was the result of Southams first research study? Elsie Lacks, Henriettas youngest child, had been committed to Crownsville Hospital Center for alleged cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and a diagnosis of idiocy (273). Analyze the last paragraphs of this chapter. What does this gift tell you about Deborahs feelings about her family? What physical ailments did Deborah suffer from as a result of the excitement and stress of seeing her mothers cells for the first time, and learning about Elsie? HFS provides print and digital distribution for a distinguished list of university presses and nonprofit institutions. Analyze the various ways that Henrietta and Deborah achieve immortality. Determine an authors point of view or purpose in a text in which the rhetoric is particularly effective, analyzing how style and content contribute to the power, persuasiveness or beauty of the text. She and Henrietta sometimes sneaked out to go dancing. American Review changed its name for a third time and expanded its and culture. What did some family members think was the real reason Ethel moved in? Do you agree with the courts ruling? Delancey discusses one specific example at length: Danvers State Hospital in Massachusetts. The division also manages membership services for more than 50 scholarly and professional associations and societies. How was Joes life different from his brothers lives? Describe Rogerss interaction with the Lacks family. How did this abuse affect him? 5. 13. Describe the experiment that Southam developed to test his hypothesis about HeLa. Reverend James Pullum Deborahs second ex-husband, a former steel-mill worker who became a preacher. She was institutionalizeddue to epilepsy and died at age fifteen.Gladys LacksHenriettas sister, who disapproved of Henriettas marriage to DayJohnny PleasantHenriettas father. Tap into Getty Images' global scale, data-driven insights, and network of more than 340,000 creators to create content exclusively for your brand. 2. Crazy Joe Grinnan Henriettas cousin who competed unsuccessfully with Day for her affection. 8. He became known as a vigilante. What questions did Deborah have about her mother and sister? 2. Guided Reading and Discussion Questions are provided for each chapter. What simile does she use to describe the way a cell looks? On the Horizon: Painless Way to Check for Bladder Cancer What is Skloot revealing through the juxtaposition of scenes and the division of the book into the three sections of Life, Death, and Immortality? LibGuides: The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks: About the Book WebHenrietta Lacks by foregrounding Elsie, whose absent presence appears in only twelve to fifteen pages of the entire book, even though her story offers a powerful indictment of the Through the microscope, Deborah and Zakariyya watch their mother's cells divide in culture. 11. Who profited monetarily from the sale of HeLa cells and other human biological materials? 9. Why did doctors stop giving Henrietta blood transfusions? Rebecca says she won't (and she doesn't) and she smiles slightly, admiring Deborah's protectiveness of her sister. Chapter Seven: The Death and Life of Cell Culture 1. In the picture, Elsie is screaming and crying, her head held in place against height measurements on a wall by a white staff member at the Hospital for Negro Insane. The narrative structure of the book is quite complex, as the author weaves together numerous narratives. Do Geys attitude and actions after his own diagnosis of terminal cancer change your opinion of him? Wed love to have you back! Each time they stopped, Deborah would approach strangers and, apropos of nothing, present them with the picture of Elsie and introduce Skloot as her reporter. Deborah would also pull over occasionally to relate to Skloot her latest idea about her mothers legacy; on one occasion, Deborah was near tears: She said she couldnt keep her eyes on the road because she kept looking at the copy of the picture of Elsie. Sometimes it can end up there. 6. Deborah must deal with the difficult revelation that she had a sister, and that this sister probably died horribly when Deborah was only a baby. 8. How do these events help explain Deborahs initial reluctance to talk with Skloot? 2. He ended up abusing Deborah.Gary LacksGladyss son and Deborahs cousin. WebHenrietta Lacks was a black tobacco farmer from the south who, in 1950, at the age of 30, she was diagnosed with aggressive cervical cancer. He also believed that the family should be entitled to some of the profit made from HeLa cells. How did the media react to Carrels announcement that he had grown immortal chicken heart cells? About The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks Summary, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks Video, Read the Study Guide for The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, Henrietta Lacks: Used as a Means to an End, The Nature of Henrietta Lacks' Immortality, Introduction to The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks Bibliography, View the lesson plan for The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, View Wikipedia Entries for The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. 7. How did doctors justify using patients in public hospital wards as medical research subjects without obtaining their consent or offering them financial compensation? Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. Deborah was happy when she passed: her grandchildren were doing well in school, and she knew that Rebecca would tell Henrietta's story. Assess how point of view or purpose shapes the content and style of a text. Culture . What does Skloot realize after watching the BBC documentary about HeLa? He ended up abusing Deborah. Michael Rogers Rolling Stone reporter who wrote an article about the Lacks family in 1976. Which of these sentences from the passage best supports the authors claim that Henriettas cells have been widely used by scientists? What was the purpose of President Nixons National Cancer Act? The injustice of Henrietta Lackss story has opened the medical community to a new standard of care, bringing to light several bioethical issues, including informed consent, medical records privacy, and communication with tissue donors and research participants, according to Johns Hopkins. He carefully explains the process of cell division, and explains that all the information that made Henrietta herself is contained within these cells, in their DNA. 2. During her surgery to remove the cancer, they took a sample of a tumor in her cervix to have it examined in the lab. Struggling with distance learning? Please try again later. Chapter Thirty-Six: Heavenly Bodies 1. Deborah shows him the photo of Elsie from Crownsville, and Gary is shocked. What does the term informed consent mean? 2. [1] He attempts to sue Hopkins and the Lackses for refusing to allow him access to Henriettas medical records. Chapter Twenty-One: Night Doctors 1. Do you agree that Henrietta should have been correctly identified in order to give her the fame she so richly deserves, or do you think her anonymity should have been protected? She also explores the birth and life of the immortal cell line HeLa, and shows how research involving HeLa has changed the landscape of medical research, leading to not only scientific and medical breakthroughs, but also new and evolving policies concerning the rights of patients and research subjects. She points out that the HeLa cells did a lot of good for science, but she just wishes she knew more about who her mother was. 6. What impact does her use of imagery have on you as a reader? 4. What does Skloot reveal by ending the chapter with Hsus request? Zakariyya is quiet for much of the visit, but he thanks Lengauer and Rebecca before he leaves. A few minutes later, a jittery and anxious Deborah joins Rebecca in the room as Rebecca goes through Henrietta's medical records. Deborah submitted a written request for a photocopy of Elsies autopsy report. Her favorite genres are memoirs, public health, and locked room mysteries. Allowing Skloot access gives some amount of liberation as well as the feeling that her mother's life had not Informed consent means that patients must be informed of a doctors or labs intentions relative to the use of their tissue, blood, or cells. 6. What happens when there is a mistake during the process of mitosis? Home - Henrietta Lacks - LibGuides at Texas Christian 11. What are the connotations of the two sets of terms? Chapter 33. Define creative nonfiction, a genre in which all facts are accurate and verifiable, but presented in a creative way that emphasizes storytelling through the use of scenes, dialogue, and other techniques more often found in fiction. 2. Even more miraculously, there was a record for Elsie Lacks. Henrietta Lacks Book Report Chapter Thirty-One: Hela, Goddess of Death 1. Craft and Structure Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze how an author uses and refines the meaning of a key term or terms over the course of a text (e.g., how Madison defines faction in Federalist No. What simile does she use to explain the functions of the different parts of a cell? 5. Deborah and Rebecca visit Henrietta's grave, and Deborah insists that Rebecca take a photo of her with the picture of Elsie near her mother's grave, saying it will be the only photo of the three of them in the world. Elsie Lacks, Henriettas youngest child, had been committed to Crownsville Hospital Center for alleged cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and a diagnosis of idiocy (273). Shortform has the world's best summaries of books you should be reading. AAR has received 8. Direct students to carefully examine the endnotes and foreword of the book, and discuss the specific steps and sources that the author used to ensure that the narrative account of Henriettas life is factual and accurate. Henrietta was diagnosed with cervical cancer shortly after his birth. The campus is beautiful, but the two get the impression of some dark history here. Moreover, her son Alfred is going to trial right after the conference. Finally, Sonny tells Rebecca that Deborah died quietly in her sleep of a heart attack. 4. Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. 7. How does Deborah respond after Garys prayer? How long did Henrietta wait between first telling her girlfriends that something didnt feel right and going to the doctor?

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